Kerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Journal Index90631ENJournal Article20200622Please Click to download the index of this issue.<br /> https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_90631_34b8fc067f4358960d8896759e492375.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Effect of different methods of education on oral health in children with hearing impairment: A systematic review55608775110.22122/johoe.v8i2.329ENShivaPouradeliPhD Candidate, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan AND Oral and
Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0003-4943-8559MaryamRadDentist, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center AND Kerman Social Determinants of Oral Health Research Center, Kerman
University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-4503-3055ArashShahravanProfessor, Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0001-5344-536XMaryam AlsadatHashemipourAssociate Professor, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center AND Kerman Social Determinants of Oral Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-1075-4020MohsenRezaeianProfessor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics AND Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of
Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran0000-0003-3070-0166Journal Article20190520<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> The aim of oral health education is to prevent oral diseases. Literature review indicates that oral hygiene is poor in children with hearing impairment. Different methods have been used to teach oral health to children with hearing impairment. This systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of different methods of oral health education to improve oral health in children with hearing impairment.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> Two independent researchers searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases without language restrictions, and a time limit of up to December 2016. Articles were imported to EndNote software and duplicate articles were removed. Relevant and proper articles were selected after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was carried out, and articles with a score of more than 5 were selected for analysis in the review.<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Of 453 articles found, 12 were assessed for eligibility based on defined inclusion criteria, and 9 studies were included in the review after quality assessment. Different methods such as video clips and dental models were used to train children. Out of the 9 studies, 8 studies showed a reduction in plaque index, and 4 studies were effective in improving gingival indexes. The results showed that educational intervention was effective in improving oral health.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> Oral health education was effective in improving oral health status in children with hearing impairment without considering the method of education and learning barriers in these children.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_87751_b2de0c1ae054c4da5f58bc55d7ee36d5.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Translation and validation of Persian version of Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+)61678949510.22122/johoe.v8i2.312ENMohadesehArabsolgharAssistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0003-1152-1314NazilaLashkarizadehAssistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-2113-533XMaryamHashemipoorAssociate Professor, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranTaghiMomeniDentist, Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranJournal Article20190714<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> Being able to measure dental anxiety and fear is a necessary prerequisite for studying and understanding the nature and consequences of this common fear. Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup>) is the latest scale presented for the assessment of dental anxiety, but it has never been applied in Iran. The aim of this study was to validate the IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup> for use among Persian population.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this cross-sectional study, 334 dental patients participated. The English original version of the IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup> questionnaire was translated into Persian language by a forward–backward translation method. Reliability was determined by internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest method measuring by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) was used to assess convergent validity using Pearson correlation coefficients. The relationship between demographic characteristics of age, sex, economical status, and income with dental anxiety also was assessed.<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup> was 0.91. The coefficient of test re-test reliability was 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81-0.87]. Pearson correlation coefficient between IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup> and DAS was statistically significant at P < 0.001 (r = 0.74). In our study, fear and anxiety among women and patients with low income were significantly high.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> The Persian version of IDAF-4C<sup>+</sup> is a reliable and valid tool to measure dental anxiety and fear among Persian population.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89495_adbc72950dd26420aa28f7afda82560d.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501A 25-year retrospective epidemiological study of intra-osseous lesions of jaw bones in Isfahan population, Iran68738947410.22122/johoe.v8i2.316ENSayed MohammadRazaviProfessor, Dental Implant Research Center, Dental Research Institute AND Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-3504-942MohammadAnsariStudent of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranSaeedehKhalesiAssistant Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Dental Research Institute AND Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20190624<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> Intra-osseous pathologic lesions of the jaw bones have different radiological and clinicopathological features from benign to malignant lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of jaw lesions in Isfahan, Iran, during 1992-2017.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this descriptive-analytical study, all records of intra-osseous jaw lesions were investigated. All information of patients such as age, gender, location of lesion, radiographic feature, and histopathological diagnosis was collected. The lesions were divided to 7 groups including inflammatory periapical lesions, developmental odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, benign non-odontogenic bone lesions, malignant bone tumors, developmental lesions, and others. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS software, using chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> A total of 1064 intra-osseous jaw lesions were evaluated. The mean age of patients with these lesions was 30.6 ± 15.1 years with the male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The most prevalent jaw lesions were inflammatory periapical lesions (49.9%), developmental odontogenic cysts (33.2%), benign non-odontogenic bone lesions (8.0%), odontogenic tumors (6.2%), developmental lesions (1.2%), malignant bone tumors (0.9%), and others (0.6%). Posterior region of mandibular bone was more affected. The frequency of jaw pathologic lesions according to site of lesions and age was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed based on gender (P > 0.050). Radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst, and central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) were the most prevalent. The most radiographic view was radiolucent.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> This study showed the clinicopathological information of intra-osseous jaw bone lesions in Isfahan population. Inflammatory periapical lesions, odontogenic cysts, and tumors were the most common intra-osseous jaw bone lesions. These results showed the importance of health education to patients for prevention of inflammatory periapical lesions.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89474_79fb1f4461ebed8346310e5a28add055.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Prevalence of Angle’s malocclusion in sensory-deprived and normal school children of age group of 12-16 years in India: A study conducted in 2016-201874808949610.22122/johoe.v8i2.326ENTarulatha RShyagaliProfessor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaManishSinghMSc Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaRishiJoshiProfessor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaAbhishekGuptaDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaPratibhaKshirsagarMSc Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaRuchiJhaMSc Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, IndiaJournal Article20190714<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> Malocclusion has multifactorial etiology and the environmental factors play a major role in the occurrence of a malocclusion. Physical constraint faced by the disabled children may increase the chance of having malocclusion more than their normal counterparts. Thus, this study was done to evaluate the difference in the prevalence of Angle’s malocclusion in sensory-deprived and normal children of the central India.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> A cross-sectional study was performed on 342 school-going children aged 12-16 years. The sample comprised of equal number of sensory-deprived and normal children (n = 171 for each group). Physical disabilities included being deaf, dumb, or visually-impaired. The children were examined for the type of Angle’s malocclusion. Obtained data were subjected to chi-square test to note the difference in the prevalence of malocclusion between the two groups using the SPSS software. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Angle’s malocclusion was prevalent in 90.06% of the sensory-deprived children and 84.80% of the normal children. The most prevalent malocclusions in sensory-deprived children were class II division 1 and class I type I malocclusion with 24.60% and 21.63% prevalence, respectively. In normal children the most prevalent malocclusions were class I type II and class II division 1 with the prevalence of 23.39% and 21.05%, respectively. The results obtained were statistically significant.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> High prevalence of malocclusion is seen in the sensory-deprived children compared to the normal children. The study warrants the need of orthodontic treatment in the current population group.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89496_f9ed40e95efc5ef8f9ef1533f1a79282.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Knowledge, attitude, and performance of internists regarding the relationship of periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus81888950610.22122/johoe.v8i2.328ENHouraShahhosseiniStudent of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-5417-9021Simin ZahraMohebbiAssociate Professor, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute AND Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7531-5213SiamakYaghobeeAssociate Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMohammad JavadKharazifardResearcher, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20190728<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> Studies have confirmed a strong association between periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Treatment of DM is in the field of internists. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and performance of Iranian internists regarding the relationship of DM and PD.<br /> <strong>METHODS:</strong> In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire comprising of five domains and 34 questions was utilized (12 questions regarding demographics, 2 questions regarding the need for continuing education courses on oral health for physicians, 5 questions about knowledge, 12 questions about attitude, and 3 questions about the performance of physicians regarding the association of PD and DM). This questionnaire has been previously used in a study conducted in North Carolina, United States of America. The questionnaire was translated to Persian and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Next, 134 internists participating in a national congress filled out the questionnaire. The response rate was 97%. Data were analysed using the linear regression model in SPSS software.<br /> <strong>RESULTS:</strong> The mean and standard deviation (SD) of score of knowledge, attitude, and performance of internists was 57 ± 26, 61 ± 12, and 37 ± 28, respectively, out of one hundred. Among the participants, 96% emphasized on the significance of cooperation with dentists in management of patients with DM and 81% of them confirmed the need for periodontal examination training for physicians. The total score of performance was significantly higher in internists with academic positions (β = 0.177, P = 0.047), older age (β = 0.234, P = 0.011), higher mean weekly working hours (β = 0.185, P = 0.043), and those who had passed a course regarding clinical, dental, and periodontal examination as part of their educational curricula (β = 0.190, P = 0.035).<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This study showed that internists had low level of knowledge and performance regarding the relationship of PD and DM. This casts light on importance of enrichment of the educational curriculum and continuing medical educations in this regard.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89506_21e009cb3937cd4ba07fa9383d72388c.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Retained primary tooth in unusual ages in southern Iran: A population-based study89968913810.22122/johoe.v8i2.1002ENHosseinFaramarziAssistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-7555-8565ZahraDamankeshDentist, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran0000-0001-5798-5881Razieh SadatMousavi-RoknabadiDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0001-9483-8848SoheilaKeshavarzCommunicable Diseases Unit, Shohada-e-Enghelab Health Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-6106-1371Journal Article20190618<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> The retained primary tooth (RPT) is a tooth that remains beyond its exfoliation time, which can cause some problems. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of RPT in unusual ages in Larestan, a city in Fars Province, southern Iran.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this cross-sectional population-based study (April-October 2015), clinical and radiological evaluations were done for all patients referred to Larestan dentistry clinics. The characteristics of RPT were evaluated. All data were analyzed statistically using SPSS and MedCalc software (α = 0.05).<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Among 2106 patients, 145 (6.88%) had at least one RPT. The most frequent RPT were primary canine in the maxilla (42.45%) and second primary molar in the mandible (33.01%). The main cause of RPT was absence of permanent successor tooth congenitally (67.45%) and impaction of it (33.54%). The most tooth mobility was class III (17.92%) and the second molar in mandible had the most mobility (6.60%). Root resorption was seen in about 45% of patients, which level 3 was the most (24.76%), mostly in second molar in mandible. Infra-occlusion was seen only in 5.18% of patients. There were significant correlations between root resorption and age (r = 0.175, P = 0.0360) and gender (r = 0.171, P = 0.0400), mobility and decay (r = 0.470, P < 0.0010), as well as infra-occlusion (r = 0.262, P = 0.0010).<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> The prevalence of RPT in unusual ages was not high in this study, but exact examination can detect the RPT earlier, to prevent the related problems by suitable treatments. Studies in larger population are recommended.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89138_e783022ff8de540b3fc7f1fcc47751b1.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of three natural formulated mouthwashes against Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro study971038950710.22122/johoe.v8i2.1003ENReihanehNiksereshtStudent of Dentistry, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran0000-0001-7185-8424SaeedShamsAssistant Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran0000-0002-3701-3126AidaMehdipourAssistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IranSomayehKermaniCellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran0000-0001-8685-2156AliHashemiAssistant Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7258-5541AmirHamtaAssistant Professor, Clinical Research Development Center AND Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran0000-0003-3067-1916Journal Article20190728<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM</strong><strong>:</strong> Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)is a well-known bacterial cause of dental caries. The aim of this study was to develop an herbal mouthwash with anti-biofilm activity and compare it with a commercial preparation containing 2% chlorhexidine.<br /> <strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> The main components of the mouthwashes included Punica granatum, pomegranate rind, Eugenia caryophyllata, Rhus coriaria L., etc. (No. 1); Pistacia lentiscus L., Punica granatum, Areca catechu L., etc. (No. 2); Cyperus articulatus, Terminalia chebula Retzius, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Elettaria cardamomum, Zingiber zerumbet, Punica granatum, etc. (No. 3). Plants were weighed and soaked into sterile distilled water. Filtration and sterilization were performed using Whatman and Millipore filters, respectively. The antibacterial susceptibility assay was performed by an agar well diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Anti-biofilm activity of mouthwashes and chlorhexidine was evaluated on polystyrene microtiter plates by a broth dilution method. Finally, a comparative analysis of the results was done by Tukey and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests.<br /> <strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> No positive effect of mouthwash No. 1 was observed in the agar well diffusion method. This mouthwash showed an effect on biofilm formation only at 50% concentration. In agreement with well diffusion, the effect of mouthwash No. 2 was moderate and similar to 2% chlorhexidine. The mouthwash No.3 showed an excellent effect (even at 3.125%) against S. mutans.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION</strong><strong>:</strong> Overall, mouthwash No.3 appears to be suitable as an herbal anti-biofilm solution. Further studies are necessary to identify the active ingredients of the plants.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89507_9336166baa1e88d3a454158766f49c62.pdfKerman University of Medical SciencesJournal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology2322-13728220190501Dental considerations in acrodermatitis enteropathica: A report of two cases1041088950810.22122/johoe.v8i2.320ENMahboobehShokrizadehResident, Oral and Dental Research Center AND Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0003-0840-2736Fatemeh SadatSajadiAssociate Professor, Oral and Dental Research Center AND Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran0000-0002-5855-6533Journal Article20190805<strong>BACKGROUND AND AIM:</strong> Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) is a rare and severe genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, which is usually diagnosed with deficiency of zinc intestinal absorption. This disease is classified into hereditary and acquired forms that the hereditary form is much rare. AE can be characterized by triad of periorificial and acral dermatitis, alopecia, and diarrhea. The present study aimed to report the dentistry treatment of two boys with hereditary AE and special considerations about this disease.<br /> <strong>CASE REPORT:</strong> Patients included two brothers aged 6 and 8 years with AE, and they were examined at a health center. Three days after the birth, the erythematous, erosive, and crusted lesions were seen on their mouths, perianal areas, feet, and hands. The serum zinc levels were normal. The preventive treatment like fissure sealant on four first permanent molars was performed on the 8-year-old patient, and for the other patient, two mandibular deciduous anterior teeth were extracted.<br /> <strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> AE is a rare genetic disease which can be along with dental anomaly and oral infections. Despite the fact that there are cases with normal serum, the clinical and radiographical examinations will be helpful for the final diagnosis. This study presented two male siblings with normal zinc serum who demonstrated hair and skin lesions without dental disorders.https://johoe.kmu.ac.ir/article_89508_7c494dc8142974f3f2f4922673e5aea5.pdf