1. Wang J, Lv S, Chen G, Gao C, He J, Zhong H, et al. Metaanalysis
of the association between vitamin D and autoimmune
thyroid disease. Nutrients. 2015;7(4):2485-98. doi: 10.3390/
nu7042485.
2. Miller CS, Hall EH. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. Oral Surg
Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999;87(3):270-1.
doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(99)70234-9.
3. Aliakbarpour F, Alijanpour R, Ghorbani R, Gilaki Bisheh
S, Kashfi A, Sohanian S. Aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform
1 as an indicator in the malignant potential of cutaneous
lichen planus. J Sci Soc. 2023;50(2):182-7. doi: 10.4103/jss.
jss_62_22.
4. Farhi D, Dupin N. Pathophysiology, etiologic factors, and
clinical management of oral lichen planus, part I: facts
and controversies. Clin Dermatol. 2010;28(1):100-8. doi:
10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.03.004.
5. Ismail SB, Kumar SK, Zain RB. Oral lichen planus and
lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management
and malignant transformation. J Oral Sci. 2007;49(2):89-106.
doi: 10.2334/josnusd.49.89.
6. Black MM. Lichen planus and lichenoid disorders. In:
Rook/Wilkinson/Ebling Textbook of Dermatology. Oxford:
Blackwell Science; 1998. p. 1899-926.
7. Van Belle TL, Gysemans C, Mathieu C. Vitamin D in
autoimmune, infectious and allergic diseases: a vital player?
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;25(4):617-32.
doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.04.009.
8. Burket LW, Lynch MA, Brightman VJ, Greenberg MS. Burket’s
Oral Medicine: Diagnosis and Treatment. Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins; 2003.
9. Mohiti A, Sabaghzadegan Y, Heidary A. Treatment of
drug resistant oral lichen planus using neodymium-doped
yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser: a case report. Sci
J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci. 2022;26(7):132-8. doi: 10.52547/
sjku.26.7.132. [Persian].
10. Kakoei S, Karbasi N, Raeiszadeh M, Tajadini H, Nekouei
AH. The efficacy of henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) mouthwash
versus chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash as adjuvant
therapy of oral lichen planus: a randomized double-blind
clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;290:115037. doi:
10.1016/j.jep.2022.115037.
11. Mohammad Shahi M, Hosseini SA, Helli B, Haghighi Zade
M, Abolfathi M. The effect of vitamin D supplement on the
score and quality of sleep in 20-50 year-old people with
sleep disorders compared with control group. Nutr Neurosci.
2018;21(7):511-9. doi: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1317395.
12. Amri Maleh P, Firouzjahi AR, Heidari B, Malaki S, Bijani
A, Heidarnia F. The relationship between serum vitamin D
level and the outcome of patients hospitalized in the medical
intensive care unit. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(1):7-13.
doi: 10.22088/jbums.19.1.7. [Persian].
13. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud
S, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in
elderly women. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(23):1637-42. doi:
10.1056/nejm199212033272305.
14. Kriegel MA, Manson JE, Costenbader KH. Does vitamin D
affect risk of developing autoimmune disease?: A systematic
review. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2011;40(6):512-31.e8. doi:
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2010.07.009.
15. Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M,
Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G. Vitamin D toxicity-a
clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:550.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.
16. Rouhani H, Behrad S, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ghorbani R, Yahyaei
F, Sohanian S. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions and some
related factors in patients attending Semnan dental school
(2017-2019). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2021;31(201):112-
21. [Persian].
17. Kotab M, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ebrahimi S. Case report: treatment
of lichen planus-induced desquamative gingivitis. Koomesh.
2020;22(1):198-201. [Persian].
18. Karimi-Afshar M, Rvanbakhsh B, Torabi M, Taheri A.
Correlation between clinical and pathologic diagnoses in
mucocutaneous biopsies: a 10-year retrospective study,
Kerman, Iran. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(1):51-7.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i1.1169.
19. Lavaee F, Sadeghzadeh A, Afroozi B, Golkari A, Piri-Zarrini
A. Evaluating the quality of life in patients with ulcerative oral
lesions. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2019;8(4):198-203.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v8i4.1019.
20. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sahraeeyan Y, Sohrabpoor F,
Mirmohammadkhani M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of dysplasia
in oral lichen planus patients of oral medicine department of
Semnan University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2018. J
Res Dent Maxillofac Sci. 2021;6(1):19-23. [Persian].
21. Hashemipour MA, Mirzaie A. The prevalence of oral white
lesions in patients referring to the Kerman dental school
(2006-2022). J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2023;12(3):105-
11. doi: 10.34172/johoe.2023.18.
22. Grimm M, Cetindis M, Biegner T, Lehman M, Munz A, Teriete
P, et al. Serum vitamin D levels of patients with oral squamous
cell carcinoma (OSCC) and expression of vitamin D receptor
in oral precancerous lesions and OSCC. Med Oral Patol Oral
Cir Bucal. 2015;20(2):e188-95. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20368.
23. Beena Varma R, Valappila NJ, Pai A, Saddu SC, Mathew N.
Oral lichen planus: is vitamin D deficiency a predisposing
factor? A case report. Int J Sci Study. 2014;2(7):230-2.
24. Thum-Tyzo K, Petkowicz B, Tyzo B, Pedowska M, Dziedzic
M. OI0378 Vitamin D3 and oral health in patients with
lichen planus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.
2014;117(5):e385. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.203.
25. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of the relationship
between serum level of vitamin D and decayed, missing,
and filled teeth (DMFT) in young women in Semnan, Iran
(2018-2019). J Sci Soc. 2020;47(2):69-73. doi: 10.4103/jss.
JSS_14_20.
26. Družijanić A, Cigić L, Glavina A, Draganja M, Martinović D,
Ković M. Serum concentration of vitamin D in patients with
oral lichen planus. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2023;57(3):265-72.
doi: 10.15644/asc57/3/7.
27. Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler
D, et al. DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to
‘program’ T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27.
Nat Immunol. 2007;8(3):285-93. doi: 10.1038/ni1433.
28. Mohiti A, Jalili Sadrabad M, Fallah R, Tabavar N, Pedram
A, Ghorbani R. Concurrent incident of oral lichen planus
and hyperthyroidsm and hypothyroidism. Koomesh.
2019;21(1):e153035. [Persian].
29. González-Moles M, Ramos-García P. An evidence-based
update on the potential for malignancy of oral lichen planus
and related conditions: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(3):608. doi: 10.3390/
cancers16030608.
30. Arduino PG, Magliano A, Gambino A, Macciotta A, Carbone
M, Conrotto D, et al. Risk of malignant transformation in
3173 subjects with histopathologically confirmed oral lichen
planus: a 33-year cohort study in northern Italy. Cancers
(Basel). 2021;13(22):5740. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225740.
31. Watkins RR, Yamshchikov AV, Lemonovich TL, Salata RA.
The role of vitamin D deficiency in sepsis and potential
therapeutic implications. J Infect. 2011;63(5):321-6. doi:
10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.002.
32. Delavarian Z, Dalirsani Z, Mousavi Z, Shakeri MT, Rafatpanah
H, Seif F, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of vitamin D in the
treatment of oral lichen planus: a double-blind randomized
clinical trial. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(2):107-
15. doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i2.1181.
33. Penna G, Amuchastegui S, Giarratana N, Daniel KC, Vulcano
M, Sozzani S, et al. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 selectively
modulates tolerogenic properties in myeloid but not
plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2007;178(1):145-53.
doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.1.145.score and quality of sleep in 20-50 year-old people with
sleep disorders compared with control group. Nutr Neurosci.
2018;21(7):511-9. doi: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1317395.
12. Amri Maleh P, Firouzjahi AR, Heidari B, Malaki S, Bijani
A, Heidarnia F. The relationship between serum vitamin D
level and the outcome of patients hospitalized in the medical
intensive care unit. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(1):7-13.
doi: 10.22088/jbums.19.1.7. [Persian].
13. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud
S, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in
elderly women. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(23):1637-42. doi:
10.1056/nejm199212033272305.
14. Kriegel MA, Manson JE, Costenbader KH. Does vitamin D
affect risk of developing autoimmune disease?: A systematic
review. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2011;40(6):512-31.e8. doi:
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2010.07.009.
15. Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M,
Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G. Vitamin D toxicity-a
clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:550.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.
16. Rouhani H, Behrad S, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ghorbani R, Yahyaei
F, Sohanian S. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions and some
related factors in patients attending Semnan dental school
(2017-2019). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2021;31(201):112-
21. [Persian].
17. Kotab M, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ebrahimi S. Case report: treatment
of lichen planus-induced desquamative gingivitis. Koomesh.
2020;22(1):198-201. [Persian].
18. Karimi-Afshar M, Rvanbakhsh B, Torabi M, Taheri A.
Correlation between clinical and pathologic diagnoses in
mucocutaneous biopsies: a 10-year retrospective study,
Kerman, Iran. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(1):51-7.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i1.1169.
19. Lavaee F, Sadeghzadeh A, Afroozi B, Golkari A, Piri-Zarrini
A. Evaluating the quality of life in patients with ulcerative oral
lesions. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2019;8(4):198-203.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v8i4.1019.
20. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sahraeeyan Y, Sohrabpoor F,
Mirmohammadkhani M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of dysplasia
in oral lichen planus patients of oral medicine department of
Semnan University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2018. J
Res Dent Maxillofac Sci. 2021;6(1):19-23. [Persian].
21. Hashemipour MA, Mirzaie A. The prevalence of oral white
lesions in patients referring to the Kerman dental school
(2006-2022). J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2023;12(3):105-
11. doi: 10.34172/johoe.2023.18.
22. Grimm M, Cetindis M, Biegner T, Lehman M, Munz A, Teriete
P, et al. Serum vitamin D levels of patients with oral squamous
cell carcinoma (OSCC) and expression of vitamin D receptor
in oral precancerous lesions and OSCC. Med Oral Patol Oral
Cir Bucal. 2015;20(2):e188-95. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20368.
23. Beena Varma R, Valappila NJ, Pai A, Saddu SC, Mathew N.
Oral lichen planus: is vitamin D deficiency a predisposing
factor? A case report. Int J Sci Study. 2014;2(7):230-2.
24. Thum-Tyzo K, Petkowicz B, Tyzo B, Pedowska M, Dziedzic
M. OI0378 Vitamin D3 and oral health in patients with
lichen planus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.
2014;117(5):e385. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.203.
25. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of the relationship
between serum level of vitamin D and decayed, missing,
and filled teeth (DMFT) in young women in Semnan, Iran
(2018-2019). J Sci Soc. 2020;47(2):69-73. doi: 10.4103/jss.
JSS_14_20.
26. Družijanić A, Cigić L, Glavina A, Draganja M, Martinović D,
Ković M. Serum concentration of vitamin D in patients with
oral lichen planus. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2023;57(3):265-72.
doi: 10.15644/asc57/3/7.
27. Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler
D, et al. DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to
‘program’ T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27.
Nat Immunol. 2007;8(3):285-93. doi: 10.1038/ni1433.
28. Mohiti A, Jalili Sadrabad M, Fallah R, Tabavar N, Pedram
A, Ghorbani R. Concurrent incident of oral lichen planus
and hyperthyroidsm and hypothyroidism. Koomesh.
2019;21(1):e153035. [Persian].
29. González-Moles M, Ramos-García P. An evidence-based
update on the potential for malignancy of oral lichen planus
and related conditions: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(3):608. doi: 10.3390/
cancers16030608.
30. Arduino PG, Magliano A, Gambino A, Macciotta A, Carbone
M, Conrotto D, et al. Risk of malignant transformation in
3173 subjects with histopathologically confirmed oral lichen
planus: a 33-year cohort study in northern Italy. Cancers
(Basel). 2021;13(22):5740. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225740.
31. Watkins RR, Yamshchikov AV, Lemonovich TL, Salata RA.
The role of vitamin D deficiency in sepsis and potential
therapeutic implications. J Infect. 2011;63(5):321-6. doi:
10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.002.
32. Delavarian Z, Dalirsani Z, Mousavi Z, Shakeri MT, Rafatpanah
H, Seif F, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of vitamin D in the
treatment of oral lichen planus: a double-blind randomized
clinical trial. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(2):107-
15. doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i2.1181.
33. Penna G, Amuchastegui S, Giarratana N, Daniel KC, Vulcano
M, Sozzani S, et al. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 selectively
modulates tolerogenic properties in myeloid but not
plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2007;178(1):145-53.
doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.1.145.score and quality of sleep in 20-50 year-old people with
sleep disorders compared with control group. Nutr Neurosci.
2018;21(7):511-9. doi: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1317395.
12. Amri Maleh P, Firouzjahi AR, Heidari B, Malaki S, Bijani
A, Heidarnia F. The relationship between serum vitamin D
level and the outcome of patients hospitalized in the medical
intensive care unit. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(1):7-13.
doi: 10.22088/jbums.19.1.7. [Persian].
13. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet B, Arnaud
S, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in
elderly women. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(23):1637-42. doi:
10.1056/nejm199212033272305.
14. Kriegel MA, Manson JE, Costenbader KH. Does vitamin D
affect risk of developing autoimmune disease?: A systematic
review. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2011;40(6):512-31.e8. doi:
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2010.07.009.
15. Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M,
Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G. Vitamin D toxicity-a
clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:550.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00550.
16. Rouhani H, Behrad S, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ghorbani R, Yahyaei
F, Sohanian S. Frequency of oral mucosal lesions and some
related factors in patients attending Semnan dental school
(2017-2019). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2021;31(201):112-
21. [Persian].
17. Kotab M, Jalili Sadrabad M, Ebrahimi S. Case report: treatment
of lichen planus-induced desquamative gingivitis. Koomesh.
2020;22(1):198-201. [Persian].
18. Karimi-Afshar M, Rvanbakhsh B, Torabi M, Taheri A.
Correlation between clinical and pathologic diagnoses in
mucocutaneous biopsies: a 10-year retrospective study,
Kerman, Iran. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(1):51-7.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i1.1169.
19. Lavaee F, Sadeghzadeh A, Afroozi B, Golkari A, Piri-Zarrini
A. Evaluating the quality of life in patients with ulcerative oral
lesions. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2019;8(4):198-203.
doi: 10.22122/johoe.v8i4.1019.
20. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sahraeeyan Y, Sohrabpoor F,
Mirmohammadkhani M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of dysplasia
in oral lichen planus patients of oral medicine department of
Semnan University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2018. J
Res Dent Maxillofac Sci. 2021;6(1):19-23. [Persian].
21. Hashemipour MA, Mirzaie A. The prevalence of oral white
lesions in patients referring to the Kerman dental school
(2006-2022). J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2023;12(3):105-
11. doi: 10.34172/johoe.2023.18.
22. Grimm M, Cetindis M, Biegner T, Lehman M, Munz A, Teriete
P, et al. Serum vitamin D levels of patients with oral squamous
cell carcinoma (OSCC) and expression of vitamin D receptor
in oral precancerous lesions and OSCC. Med Oral Patol Oral
Cir Bucal. 2015;20(2):e188-95. doi: 10.4317/medoral.20368.
23. Beena Varma R, Valappila NJ, Pai A, Saddu SC, Mathew N.
Oral lichen planus: is vitamin D deficiency a predisposing
factor? A case report. Int J Sci Study. 2014;2(7):230-2.
24. Thum-Tyzo K, Petkowicz B, Tyzo B, Pedowska M, Dziedzic
M. OI0378 Vitamin D3 and oral health in patients with
lichen planus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.
2014;117(5):e385. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.203.
25. Jalili Sadrabad M, Sohanian S. Evaluation of the relationship
between serum level of vitamin D and decayed, missing,
and filled teeth (DMFT) in young women in Semnan, Iran
(2018-2019). J Sci Soc. 2020;47(2):69-73. doi: 10.4103/jss.
JSS_14_20.
26. Družijanić A, Cigić L, Glavina A, Draganja M, Martinović D,
Ković M. Serum concentration of vitamin D in patients with
oral lichen planus. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2023;57(3):265-72.
doi: 10.15644/asc57/3/7.
27. Sigmundsdottir H, Pan J, Debes GF, Alt C, Habtezion A, Soler
D, et al. DCs metabolize sunlight-induced vitamin D3 to
‘program’ T cell attraction to the epidermal chemokine CCL27.
Nat Immunol. 2007;8(3):285-93. doi: 10.1038/ni1433.
28. Mohiti A, Jalili Sadrabad M, Fallah R, Tabavar N, Pedram
A, Ghorbani R. Concurrent incident of oral lichen planus
and hyperthyroidsm and hypothyroidism. Koomesh.
2019;21(1):e153035. [Persian].
29. González-Moles M, Ramos-García P. An evidence-based
update on the potential for malignancy of oral lichen planus
and related conditions: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(3):608. doi: 10.3390/
cancers16030608.
30. Arduino PG, Magliano A, Gambino A, Macciotta A, Carbone
M, Conrotto D, et al. Risk of malignant transformation in
3173 subjects with histopathologically confirmed oral lichen
planus: a 33-year cohort study in northern Italy. Cancers
(Basel). 2021;13(22):5740. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225740.
31. Watkins RR, Yamshchikov AV, Lemonovich TL, Salata RA.
The role of vitamin D deficiency in sepsis and potential
therapeutic implications. J Infect. 2011;63(5):321-6. doi:
10.1016/j.jinf.2011.07.002.
32. Delavarian Z, Dalirsani Z, Mousavi Z, Shakeri MT, Rafatpanah
H, Seif F, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of vitamin D in the
treatment of oral lichen planus: a double-blind randomized
clinical trial. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2021;10(2):107-
15. doi: 10.22122/johoe.v10i2.1181.
33. Penna G, Amuchastegui S, Giarratana N, Daniel KC, Vulcano
M, Sozzani S, et al. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 selectively
modulates tolerogenic properties in myeloid but not
plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2007;178(1):145-53.
doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.1.145.
)